Acne is a common inflammatory skin disorder that arises throughout adolescence. Acne, however, affects adults as well. Acne is indeed the most popular skin disease in the world. And the percentage of persons suffering from adult acne has increased during the last two decades, particularly among women. According to one research, 85% of females & 15% of males experience adult acne.

Mild cases of adult acne present with whiteheads, blackheads, or papules, tiny pustules in the jaw line area or chin. Severe adult acne is characterized by many papaule, pustules & cystic lesions primarily in lower half of face and neck.

Rosacea or sensitive skin might have similar presentation, but in rosacea skin tends to get red in bright sun, harsh skincare products leads to breakouts and red papules/pustules are present primarily on cheeks especially around nose. Here is everything that you need to understand about adult acne, and also home remedies for acne & treatment options.

Cause of adult acne

Inflammation and blocked pores are the root causes of nearly all adult acne. Even though the illness might run in families, there is generally one or even more triggers that cause the acne to appear.

1. Hormones

Hormonal fluctuations alter the skin’s environment, leading to changes such as:

• pH imbalance

• Excess sebum (oil) production

• Over keratinisation (plugging pores)

• Altered circulation

These fluctuations may be caused by:

• Irregular menstruation

• Pregnancy

• Postpartum period

• Breastfeeding

• PCOD

• Insulin resistance

• Thyroid disorders

• Oral contraceptive pills

• Hormonal medications

2. Contact irritation

Any irritation to the skin can trigger inflammation and acne. This includes reactions to:

• Harsh skincare

• Frequent touching

• Allergens

3. Emotional Stress

Stress causes the adrenal glands to release cortisol, a hormone that disrupts skin balance and exacerbates acne.

4. Physical stress

Conditions such as:

• Lack of sleep

• Illness

• Dehydration

• Extreme weather

• Environmental irritants

• Air pollution

can induce inflammation and hormonal imbalance, contributing to adult acne.

5. Pore Clogging

Common culprits:

• Excess oils

• Heavy or occlusive products

• Layering of skincare

• Daily use of thick makeup

These block pores and lead to acne. A dermatologist-recommended skincare routine can help prevent this.

6. Bacterial Growth

Propionibacterium acnes accumulates under the skin and causes inflammation. Contrary to common belief, this is not due to poor hygiene, and surface washing may not eliminate bacteria. Topical spot treatments can help in bacterial control.

7. Diet-Related Acne

Studies confirm that diets high in:

• White flour

• Dairy

• Sugar

• Fast foods

can worsen acne. For further information, refer to our article: Diet for Acne-Free Skin.

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8. Medication-Induced Acne

Certain medications like:

• Corticosteroids

• Antiepileptics

• Antidepressants

• Specific contraceptives

can contribute to breakouts. Speak to your doctor to adjust your prescription if needed.

Acne in the 20s, 30s, & 40s

Hormonal shifts might last till 25years of age as your body prepares for maturity. However, if you notice fluctutation in your cycls, increase weight gain, hirsutism, female pattern hair loss along with acne beyond 25 years of age, then you should consult a dermatologist to rule out polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Females in their 40s & 50s may have significantly distinct hormonal variations associated with menopause & the years preceding it, termed as perimenopause.

Males, too, go through a hormonal change as they age, which is called andropause. Most males who tend breakout beyond 25 years, either have insulin resistance or oily skin type.

Consult a doctor about hormone testing & age-specific advice for adult acne. Although the specific treatments may vary, a balanced diet, exercise, as well as a devoted skincare program may be beneficial.

Home remedies for adult acne

There are various effective natural ingredients for acne, including

• aloe vera
• tea tree oil
• green tea extract
• apple cider vinegar
• neem
• multani mitti
• lemon
• honey

Here are home remedies for acne that you should try:

• Aloe vera and tea tree oil moisturiser for full face twice a day
• Anti acne face pack once a week
• Acne spot treatment to be applied only of red or pus-filled pimples at night
• Home remedy for acne scar for fresh red scars

Medical Treatments for Adult Acne

Prescription and non-prescription therapies include:

• Topical agents:

  • Adapalene

  • Tretinoin

  • Benzoyl peroxide

  • Salicylic acid

  • Sulfur

• Oral medications:

  • Antibiotics

  • Hormonal therapy (e.g., spironolactone)

  • Oral contraceptives

  • Isotretinoin

• Others:

  • Retinol (Retin-A)

  • Blue light therapy

Conclusion:

While dealing with acne post-adolescent years isn’t easy, however, the great news is that you are not alone & there are various treatment choices. Instead of experimenting, consult dermatologist figure out treatment that what works best for you.